As universal storage solution suited for various electronic devices, Kingston Technology A19nm e•MMC™ Flash memory encloses MLC NAND and e•MMC controller inside one JEDEC standard package. Controller directs Flash management, including ECC, wear-leveling, lOPS optimization, and read sensing, and thereby reduces storage management burden on host CPU. Standard interface makes NAND technology invisible to host and negates need for host processor to keep changing its software.