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Summary for Hurricane Sam (AT3/AL182021)

2021-09-27 16:53:38| National Hurricane Center (Atlantic)

...HURRICANE HUNTER AIRCRAFT CURRENTLY INVESTIGATING SAM... As of 11:00 AM AST Mon Sep 27 the center of Sam was located near 15.7, -52.1 with movement NW at 8 mph. The minimum central pressure was 966 mb with maximum sustained winds of about 125 mph.

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Hurricane Sam Public Advisory Number 20

2021-09-27 16:53:38| National Hurricane Center (Atlantic)

Issued at 1100 AM AST Mon Sep 27 2021 769 WTNT33 KNHC 271453 TCPAT3 BULLETIN Hurricane Sam Advisory Number 20 NWS National Hurricane Center Miami FL AL182021 1100 AM AST Mon Sep 27 2021 ...HURRICANE HUNTER AIRCRAFT CURRENTLY INVESTIGATING SAM... SUMMARY OF 1100 AM AST...1500 UTC...INFORMATION ----------------------------------------------- LOCATION...15.7N 52.1W ABOUT 745 MI...1200 KM ESE OF THE NORTHERN LEEWARD ISLANDS MAXIMUM SUSTAINED WINDS...125 MPH...205 KM/H PRESENT MOVEMENT...NW OR 310 DEGREES AT 8 MPH...13 KM/H MINIMUM CENTRAL PRESSURE...966 MB...28.53 INCHES WATCHES AND WARNINGS -------------------- There are no coastal watches or warnings in effect. DISCUSSION AND OUTLOOK ---------------------- At 1100 AM AST (1500 UTC), the center of Hurricane Sam was located near latitude 15.6 North, longitude 52.0 West. Sam is moving toward the northwest near 8 mph (13 km/h) and this motion is expected to continue for the next few days, with an increase in forward speed beginning on Thursday. A turn to the north is expected on Friday. On the forecast track, Sam will pass well to the northeast of the northern Leeward Islands Wednesday and Thursday. Maximum sustained winds are near 125 mph (205 km/h) with higher gusts. Sam is a category 3 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale. Fluctuations in intensity are possible during the next days, although Sam is forecast to remain a major hurricane through at least Thursday night. Hurricane-force winds extend outward up to 30 miles (45 km) from the center and tropical-storm-force winds extend outward up to 105 miles (165 km). The minimum central pressure estimated from NOAA Hurricane Hunter aircraft observations is 966 mb (28.53 inches). HAZARDS AFFECTING LAND ---------------------- SURF: Swells generated by Sam will reach the Lesser Antilles today and impact these islands for the next several days. Swells are expected to reach Bermuda and the Bahamas mid-to-late week, and then spread to the United States east coast late this week. These swells could cause life-threatening surf and rip current conditions. Please consult products from your local weather office. NEXT ADVISORY ------------- Next complete advisory at 500 PM AST. $$ Forecaster Hagen/Pasch

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Hurricane Sam Forecast Advisory Number 20

2021-09-27 16:52:06| National Hurricane Center (Atlantic)

Issued at 1500 UTC MON SEP 27 2021 000 WTNT23 KNHC 271452 TCMAT3 HURRICANE SAM FORECAST/ADVISORY NUMBER 20 NWS NATIONAL HURRICANE CENTER MIAMI FL AL182021 1500 UTC MON SEP 27 2021 THERE ARE NO COASTAL WATCHES OR WARNINGS IN EFFECT. HURRICANE CENTER LOCATED NEAR 15.7N 52.1W AT 27/1500Z POSITION ACCURATE WITHIN 15 NM PRESENT MOVEMENT TOWARD THE NORTHWEST OR 310 DEGREES AT 7 KT ESTIMATED MINIMUM CENTRAL PRESSURE 966 MB MAX SUSTAINED WINDS 110 KT WITH GUSTS TO 135 KT. 64 KT....... 25NE 20SE 20SW 20NW. 50 KT....... 40NE 30SE 30SW 35NW. 34 KT....... 90NE 90SE 60SW 80NW. 12 FT SEAS..120NE 90SE 120SW 120NW. WINDS AND SEAS VARY GREATLY IN EACH QUADRANT. RADII IN NAUTICAL MILES ARE THE LARGEST RADII EXPECTED ANYWHERE IN THAT QUADRANT. REPEAT...CENTER LOCATED NEAR 15.7N 52.1W AT 27/1500Z AT 27/1200Z CENTER WAS LOCATED NEAR 15.4N 51.7W FORECAST VALID 28/0000Z 16.4N 52.8W MAX WIND 110 KT...GUSTS 135 KT. 64 KT... 25NE 20SE 20SW 20NW. 50 KT... 40NE 30SE 30SW 35NW. 34 KT... 90NE 90SE 60SW 80NW. FORECAST VALID 28/1200Z 17.3N 53.9W MAX WIND 110 KT...GUSTS 135 KT. 64 KT... 30NE 25SE 20SW 25NW. 50 KT... 50NE 40SE 30SW 40NW. 34 KT... 90NE 90SE 60SW 80NW. FORECAST VALID 29/0000Z 18.1N 55.1W MAX WIND 110 KT...GUSTS 135 KT. 64 KT... 30NE 25SE 20SW 25NW. 50 KT... 50NE 40SE 30SW 40NW. 34 KT... 90NE 90SE 60SW 80NW. FORECAST VALID 29/1200Z 19.1N 56.5W MAX WIND 110 KT...GUSTS 135 KT. 64 KT... 40NE 30SE 25SW 30NW. 50 KT... 60NE 50SE 40SW 50NW. 34 KT...100NE 90SE 70SW 80NW. FORECAST VALID 30/0000Z 20.2N 58.1W MAX WIND 110 KT...GUSTS 135 KT. 50 KT... 60NE 50SE 40SW 50NW. 34 KT...110NE 100SE 70SW 80NW. FORECAST VALID 30/1200Z 21.7N 59.8W MAX WIND 110 KT...GUSTS 135 KT. 50 KT... 60NE 60SE 50SW 50NW. 34 KT...110NE 110SE 80SW 90NW. EXTENDED OUTLOOK. NOTE...ERRORS FOR TRACK HAVE AVERAGED NEAR 150 NM ON DAY 4 AND 175 NM ON DAY 5...AND FOR INTENSITY NEAR 15 KT EACH DAY OUTLOOK VALID 01/1200Z 25.9N 62.2W MAX WIND 110 KT...GUSTS 135 KT. OUTLOOK VALID 02/1200Z 32.0N 61.3W MAX WIND 100 KT...GUSTS 120 KT. REQUEST FOR 3 HOURLY SHIP REPORTS WITHIN 300 MILES OF 15.7N 52.1W NEXT ADVISORY AT 27/2100Z $$ FORECASTER HAGEN/PASCH

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Hurricane Sam Forecast Discussion Number 19

2021-09-27 10:49:06| National Hurricane Center (Atlantic)

Issued at 500 AM AST Mon Sep 27 2021 000 WTNT43 KNHC 270848 TCDAT3 Hurricane Sam Discussion Number 19 NWS National Hurricane Center Miami FL AL182021 500 AM AST Mon Sep 27 2021 The satellite presentation of Sam deteriorated overnight, as GOES-16 infrared imagery showed periodic disruptions to Sam's inner core convection. The eye has not been readily apparent in conventional satellite imagery for much of the night, although very recent imagery suggests an eye could be re-emerging. Data from the reconnaissance aircraft last night indicated that an eyewall replacement cycle (ERC) was underway, and some dry mid-level air impinging on the western side of the circulation could also be negatively impacting Sam. No recent high-resolution microwave data is available, but an earlier scatterometer pass revealed that the tropical-storm-force wind radii had expanded just a bit in the eastern semicircle of the hurricane. The initial intensity is lowered to 115 kt for this advisory based on a blend of the objective and subjective Dvorak current intensity estimates. A NOAA hurricane hunter aircraft is scheduled to investigate Sam later this morning, which will provide crucial data to assess changes in Sam's structure and intensity. The initial motion is estimated to be northwestward, or 315/7 kt. A subtropical ridge to the north and northeast of Sam will remain the primary steering mechanism over the next several days, and Sam is expected to maintain a northwestward heading through midweek. Then, a mid- to upper-level trough is forecast to dig southward over the western Atlantic late this week. The deep-layer southerly flow ahead of this feature should cause Sam to move faster toward the north-northwest by 96 h, followed by a northward acceleration thereafter. The NHC forecast track is shifted slightly to the right of the previous one through the first 48-60 h of the forecast period, which accounts for the more northwestward initial motion observed during the past 12 h. Otherwise, the NHC track is virtually unchanged as the guidance has remained fairly consistent. Sam's intensity has likely peaked now that an ERC has commenced, but environmental conditions should allow Sam to persist as a major hurricane for the next several days. Sea-surface temperatures are expected to be 28 deg C or greater along Sam's track through 120 h, and the vertical wind shear is forecast to remain weak (< 10 kt) through at least midweek. Thus, the official NHC intensity forecast only shows very gradual weakening during the next several days, generally following the HCCA and IVCN consensus aids. Given the lower initial intensity of Sam, the latest NHC forecast is once again lower than the previous one. By 120 h, southerly shear associated with the deep-layer trough is forecast to increase over Sam, which should induce more weakening by this weekend. FORECAST POSITIONS AND MAX WINDS INIT 27/0900Z 15.2N 51.4W 115 KT 130 MPH 12H 27/1800Z 15.9N 52.2W 115 KT 130 MPH 24H 28/0600Z 16.8N 53.3W 115 KT 130 MPH 36H 28/1800Z 17.7N 54.4W 115 KT 130 MPH 48H 29/0600Z 18.6N 55.6W 110 KT 125 MPH 60H 29/1800Z 19.6N 57.1W 110 KT 125 MPH 72H 30/0600Z 21.0N 58.8W 110 KT 125 MPH 96H 01/0600Z 24.9N 61.6W 110 KT 125 MPH 120H 02/0600Z 30.5N 62.0W 105 KT 120 MPH $$ Forecaster Reinhart

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